Overview of C : History of 'C', Structure of 'C' program. Keywords, Tokens, Data types, Constants, Literals and Variables, Operators and Expressions : Arithmetic operators, Relational operator, Logical operators, Expressions, Operator : operator precedence and associativity , Type casting, Console I/O formatting, Unformatted I/O functions: getch(), getchar, getche(), getc(), putc(), putchar(). Control Constructs : f-else, onditional operators, witch and break, ested conditional branching statements, loops: For, do..do.. while, while, Nested loops, break and continue, goto and label, exit function.

Array declaration, One and Two dimensional numeric and character arrays. Multidimensional arrays. String:- String declaration, initialization, string manipulation with/without using library function. Functions:-definition, function components: Function arguments, return value, function call statement, function prototype. Type of function arrangement: return and argument, no return and no argument, return and no argument, no return and argument. Scope and lifetime of variable. Call by value and call by reference. Function using arrays, function with command line argument. User defined function: maths and character functions, Recursive function.

basics, declaring structure and structure variable, typedef statement, array of structure, array within structure, Nested structure; passing structure to function, function returning structure. Union: basics, declaring union and union variable, Enum: declaring enum and enum variable.

Definition of pointers, pointer declaration, using & and operators. Void pointer, pointer to pointer, Pointer in math expression, pointer arithmetic, pointer comparison, dynamic memory allocation functions – malloc, calloc, realloc and free, pointers vs. Arrays, Arrays of pointer, pointer to array, pointers to functions, function returning pointer, passing function as argument to function, pointer to structure, dynamic array of structure through pointer to structure.

File handling: file pointer, file accessing functions,: fopen, fclose, fputc, fgetc, fprintf, fscanf, fread, fwrite, beof, fflush, rewind, fseek, ferror. File handling through command line argument. Introduction to C preprocessor #include, #define, conditional compilation directives: #if, #else, #elif, #endif, #ifndef etc.