Advantages of DBMS, Type of data Models, Schema and instances, DBMS Architecture, Data independence, Entity-Relationship Model, Attributed and Keys, Relationship types, Week Entity set, Strong Entity set Enhanced E –R Modeling, Specialization and Generalization.

Relational data model concepts, constraints, relational algebra, relational calculus, Tuple relational calculus, SQL, DDL, DML, Types of constraints, Defining different constraints on a table, Defining & Dropping integrity constraints in the alter command, View, Index.

Functional dependencies And Normalization for Relational Database, Informal design guidelines for relation schemes, Function dependencies, Normal forms based on primary keys, General definitions of second and third normal forms, Boyce codd normal form, problem related with normal forms & solutions, Multivalued & Join Dependencies 4th & 5th Normalization.

Query Processing, Query Processing Stages, Query interpretation, Query execution plan, Table scans, Fill factor, Multiple index access, Methods for join tables scans, Structure of a query optimizer, Transaction processing, Types of failures, ACID property, schedules and recoverability, serialbility of schedules, Levels of transaction consistency, Deadlocks, Nested transaction, Transaction, Benchmarking.

Failure classification, Different type of Recovery techniques & their comparative analysis, Deferred update, immediate update, shadow paging, Check points, on-line backup during database updates, Concurrency control, Different types of concurrency control techniques and their comparative analysis, Locking techniques, Time stamp ordering, Multi – version techniques, Optimistic techniques, Multiple granularity, Integrity, Security, Non-procedural and procedural integrity constraints, Integrity constraints, specifications in SQL.